Childhood and family (1879–1895)
Leon Trotsky was born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein (Russian: Лев Давидович Бронштейн) on 7 November 1879, in Yanovka (Russian: Яновка) or Yanivka (Ukrainian: Янівка), in theKherson guberniya of the Russian Empire (today's Bereslavka (Ukrainian: Береславка; 47°53′34″N 32°17′25″E) in the Bobrynets Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine), a small village 15 miles (24 km) from the nearest post office. He was the fifth child of eight of well-to-do farmers, David Leontyevich Bronshtein (1847–1922) and his wife Anna Bronshtein (1850–1910). The family was of Jewish origin but reportedly not religious.[4] The language spoken at home was a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian (known as Surzhyk).[5]
Trotsky's younger sister Olga, also grew to be a Bolshevik and Soviet politician, who married the prominent Bolshevik Lev Kamenev.
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