China's Five Elements Philosophy
- Chinese: 五行 Wǔ Xing /woo sshing/ ‘Five Actions’
The History of Five Elements Theory
Five Elements Theory first appeared during the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC). It became widespread: mostly used in Chinese medicine, philosophy, fengshui, fortune-telling, and martial arts.Associations of the Five Elements
Each element has its own characteristics and associations with different aspect of nature, such as direction, season, color, shape, and so on. See the tables below.Fengshui Associations
Characteristic
|
Wood
|
Fire
|
Earth
|
Metal
|
Water
|
Direction
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East
|
South
|
Center
|
West
|
North
|
Season
|
Spring
|
Summer
|
change of seasons (last month of each season)
|
Autumn
|
Winter
|
Climate
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Windy
|
Hot
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Damp
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Dry
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Cold
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Color
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Green
|
Red
|
Yellow
|
White
|
Black
|
Shape
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Rectangular
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Angular
|
Square
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Round
|
Undulating
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Astrology Associations
Characteristic
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Wood
|
Fire
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Earth
|
Metal
|
Water
|
Planets
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Venus
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Jupiter
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Mercury
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Mars
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Saturn
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Heavenly Creatures
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Azure Dragon(青龙)
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Vermilion Bird (朱雀)
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Yellow Dragon (黄龙)
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White Tiger (白虎)
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Black Tortoise (玄武)
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Heavenly Stems
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1st (Jia 甲), 2nd (Yi 乙)
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3rd (Bing 丙), 4th (Ding丁)
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5th (Wu 戊), 6th (Ji 己)
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7th (Geng 庚), 8th (Xin 辛)
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9th (Ren 壬), 10th (Gui 癸)
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Virtue
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Benevolence
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Propriety
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Fidelity/ Honesty
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Righteousness
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Wisdom
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Represents
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Creativity, luxuriance, blooming, and flourishing
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Enthusiasm and passion
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Nurturing, stability, and security
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Ambition, determination, progress, and persistence
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Aptitude, brightness, agile mind, and mental strength
|
Chinese Medicine Associations
Characteristic
|
Wood
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Fire
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Earth
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Metal
|
Water
|
Taste
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Sour
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Bitter
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Sweet
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Spicy
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Salty
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Sensory Organs
|
Eyes
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Tongue
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Mouth
|
Nose
|
Ear
|
Interactions Between the Five Elements
Five Element Theory asserts that the world changes according to the five elements' generating or overcoming relationships. Generating and overcoming are the complementary processes — the yin and yang — of Five Element Theory.Generating processes promote development, while overcoming processes control development. By promoting and restraining, systems are harmonized and balance is maintained.
Generating Interactions
The generating interactions of the five elements are like the conception, gestation, birth, and nurture relationship between a mother and a baby. Such element pairs are deeply attached, and together imply success and luck.The five generating interactions are fueling, forming, containing, carrying, and feeding:
- Wood fuels fire.
- Fire forms earth (volcanoes, ash, etc.).
- Earth contains metal.
- Metal carries water (buckets, pipes, etc.).
- Water feeds wood (trees, plants, etc.).
Overcoming Interactions
The overcoming interactions of the five elements are like the acts of hostility between two sides in a war.The five overcoming interactions are melting, penetrating, separating, absorbing, and quenching:
- Fire melts metal
- Metal penetrates wood (chopping, sawing, drilling, nailing, screwing).
- Wood separates earth (tree roots breaking up soil/rock).
- Earth absorbs water.
- Water quenches fire.
Five Elements Theory and the Chinese Zodiac
Everybody belongs to one of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs and a 12-year cycle according to the year in which they were born. One of the five elements is associated with each of the Chinese zodiac signs and 12-year cycles.Chinese astrology asserts that personality and luck are determined by both zodiac sign (element) and 12-year cycle element, while life force (or qi) is determined by birth date and time. Use the tool on the left to find your Chinese zodiac sign and element.
The Fixed Elements of Each Chinese Zodiac Sign
In Chinese astrology, each of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs is associated with one of the five elements, which is known as the fixed element of the sign:Fixed Element | Chinese Zodiac Sign |
Wood | Tiger, Rabbit |
Fire | Snake, Horse |
Earth | Ox, Dragon, Goat, Dog |
Metal | Monkey, Rooster |
Water | Pig, Rat |
Spring
|
Summer
|
Autumn
|
Winter
| ||||||||
Feb 4– | Mar 6– | Apr 5– | May 5– | Jun 5– | Jul 6– | Aug 7– | Sep 8– | Oct 8– | Nov 7– | Dec 7– | Jan 6– |
Tiger | Rabbit | Dragon | Snake | Horse | Goat | Monkey | Rooster | Dog | Pig | Rat | Ox |
Wood | Wood | Earth | Fire | Fire | Earth | Metal | Metal | Earth | Water | Water | Earth |
The 12-Year Cycles of the Five Elements
Each zodiac sign also has an element according to the 12-year cycle of the birth year. Each 12-year cycle starts with a year of the Rat:Element | 12-Year Cycle | 12-Year Cycle |
Wood | 1924–35 | 1984–95 |
Fire | 1936–47 | 1996–2007 |
Earth | 1948–59 | 2008–19 |
Metal | 1960–71 | 2020–31 |
Water | 1972–83 | 2032–43 |
The five elements combined with the 12 zodiac signs produce a sixty-year cycle: e.g. an Earth Goat recurs once every 60 years.
A person's characteristics are said to be determined both by the fixed element of their zodiac sign and the element of the 12-year cycle they were born in. E.g., a Wood Goat (born in 1991 or 1931) has a personality with aspects associate with both Wood and Earth.
How to Make Good Luck Using Five Elements Theory
Five Elements Theory is the most important part of Fengshui Theory. According to ancient Chinese philosophy, good fengshui will bring good luck. The qi energy of every direction is said to be ruled by one of the five elements. So aligning one's life with the qi should bring good luck and smooth all obstacles.First you should find the fixed element (lucky element) of your sign, and then find the direction of your element's energy from the Fengshui Associations table above. Then make use of both the energy direction and the color of your lucky element to enhance your luck.
Example Using the Zodiac Tiger
According to the generating cycle of the five elements, Water generates Wood, so you can also add some Water element in the east to enhance your good luck. For example, you could put a fish tank filled with water in the east of your house.
However you should avoid putting the Metal element in the east, according to the overcoming cycle of the five elements. Likewise avoid putting the Fire element in the east, as it will consume the energy of Wood.
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