In Inferno..............Tom Hanks..........................that alone should tell you something........a Bertrand someone.........like B Russell............the logician............................

Bertrand Russell

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Bertrand Russell OM FRS
Born	Bertrand Arthur William Russell 18 May 1872 Trellech, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom[a]
Died	2 February 1970 (aged 97) Penrhyndeudraeth, Caernarfonshire, Wales, United Kingdom
Nationality	British
Education	Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1893)
Spouse(s)	Alys Pearsall Smith (m. 1894; div. 1921) Dora Black (m. 1921; div. 1935) Patricia Spence (m. 1936; div. 1952) [1] Edith Finch (m. 1952)
Awards	De Morgan Medal (1932) Sylvester Medal (1934) Nobel Prize in Literature (1950) Kalinga Prize (1957) Jerusalem Prize (1963)
Era	20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Analytic philosophy Aristotelianism Linguistic turn Foundationalism[2] Logicism Predicativism Indirect realism[3] Correspondence theory of truth[4] Utilitarianism
Institutions	Trinity College, Cambridge, London School of Economics
Main interests	Epistemology ethics logic mathematics metaphysics history of philosophy philosophy of language philosophy of logic philosophy of mathematics philosophy of mind philosophy of perception philosophy of religion philosophy of science
Notable ideas	[show]
Influences[show]
Influenced[show]
Signature

Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM FRS^[64] (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, essayist, social critic, political activist, and Nobel laureate.^[65][66] At various points in his life, Russell considered himself a liberal, a socialist and a pacifist, although he also confessed that his sceptical nature had led him to feel that he had "never been any of these things, in any profound sense."^[67] Russell was born in Monmouthshire into one of the most prominent aristocratic families in the United Kingdom.^[68]
In the early 20th century, Russell led the British "revolt against idealism".^[69] He is considered one of the founders of analytic philosophy along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, colleague G. E. Moore and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. He is widely held to be one of the 20th century's premier logicians.^[66] With A. N. Whitehead he wrote Principia Mathematica, an attempt to create a logical basis for mathematics, the quintessential work of classical logic. His philosophical essay "On Denoting" has been considered a "paradigm of philosophy".^[70] His work has had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science (see type theory and type system) and philosophy, especially the philosophy of language, epistemology and metaphysics.
Russell was a prominent anti-war activist and he championed anti-imperialism.^[71][72] Occasionally, he advocated preventive nuclear war, before the opportunity provided by the atomic monopoly had passed and "welcomed with enthusiasm" world government.^[73] He went to prison for his pacifism during World War I.^[74] Later, Russell concluded that war against Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany was a necessary "lesser of two evils" and criticised Stalinist totalitarianism, attacked the involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War and was an outspoken proponent of nuclear disarmament.^[75] In 1950, Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought".^[76][77]