If u want to know what is going on............ask the boneheads in charge...............not me............
Contents
History[edit]
The first extended description of Skull and Bones, published in 1871 by Lyman Bagg in his book
Four Years at Yale, noted that "the mystery now attending its existence forms the one great enigma which college gossip never tires of discussing."
[4][5] Brooks Mather Kelley attributed the interest in Yale senior societies to the fact that underclassmen members of then
freshman,
sophomore, and junior class societies returned to campus the following years and could share information about society rituals, while graduating seniors were, with their knowledge of such, at least a step removed from campus life.
[6]
Skull and Bones selects new members among
students every spring as part of Yale University's "Tap Day", and has done so since 1879. Since the society's inclusion of women in the early 1990s, Skull and Bones selects fifteen men and women of the junior class to join the society. Skull and Bones "taps" those that it views as campus leaders and other notable figures for its membership.
The Tomb[edit]
Exterior view of Skull and Bones, 64 High Street,
New Haven, early 20th century
The Skull and Bones Hall is otherwise known as the "Tomb".
The building was built in three phases: the first wing was built in 1856, the second
wing in 1903, and Davis-designed
Neo-Gothic towers were added to the rear garden in 1912. The front and side facades are of
Portland brownstone in an
Egypto-Doric style. The 1912 tower additions created a small enclosed courtyard in the rear of the building, designed by Evarts Tracy and Edgerton Swartwout of
Tracy and Swartwout, New York.
[7] Evarts was not a Bonesman, but his paternal grandmother, Martha Sherman Evarts, and maternal grandmother, Mary Evarts, were the sisters of
William Maxwell Evarts, an 1837 Bonesman.
The architectural attribution of the original hall is in dispute.
[citation needed] The architect was possibly
Alexander Jackson Davis or
Henry Austin. Architectural historian Patrick Pinnell includes an in-depth discussion of the dispute over the identity of the original architect in his 1999 Yale campus history. Pinnell speculates that the re-use of the Davis towers in 1911 suggests Davis's role in the original building and, conversely, Austin was responsible for the architecturally similar
brownstone Egyptian Revival Grove Street Cemetery gates, built in 1845. Pinnell also discusses the "Tomb's" aesthetic place in relation to its neighbors, including the
Yale University Art Gallery.
[8][clarification needed] In the late 1990s, New Hampshire landscape architects Saucier and Flynn designed the
wrought iron fence that currently surrounds a portion of the complex.
[9]
The forty-acre retreat is intended to give Bonesmen an opportunity to "get together and rekindle old friendships." A century ago the island sported tennis courts and its softball fields were surrounded by rhubarb plants and gooseberry bushes.
Catboatswaited on the lake. Stewards catered elegant meals. But although each new Skull and Bones member still visits Deer Island, the place leaves something to be desired. "Now it is just a bunch of burned-out stone buildings," a patriarch sighs. "It's basically ruins." Another Bonesman says that to call the island "rustic" would be to glorify it. "It's a dump, but it's beautiful."
Bonesmen[edit]
Yearbook listing of Skull and Bones membership for 1920. The 1920 delegation included co-founders of
Time magazine,
Briton Hadden and
Henry Luce
Skull and Bones's membership developed a reputation in association with the "
Power Elite".
[10] Regarding the qualifications for membership,
Lanny Davis wrote in the 1968 Yale yearbook:
If the society had a good year, this is what the "ideal" group will consist of: a football captain; a Chairman of the
Yale Daily News; a conspicuous
radical; a
Whiffenpoof; a swimming captain; a notorious drunk with a 94 average; a film-maker; a political columnist; a religious group leader; a Chairman of the Lit; a foreigner; a ladies' man with two motorcycles; an ex-service man; a negro, if there are enough to go around; a guy nobody else in the group had heard of, ever ...
Like other Yale senior societies, Skull and Bones membership was almost exclusively limited to white Protestant males for much of its history. While Yale itself had exclusionary policies directed at particular ethnic and religious groups, the senior societies were even more exclusionary.
[11][12] While some Catholics were able to join such groups, Jews were more often not.
[12] Some of these excluded groups eventually entered Skull and Bones by means of sports, through the society's practice of tapping standout athletes. Star football players included the first Jewish (
Al Hessberg, class of 1938) and African-American (
Levi Jackson, class of 1950, who turned down the invitation for the
Berzelius Society) students to be tapped for Skull and Bones.
[11]
Yale became
coeducational in 1969, yet Skull and Bones remained fully male until 1992. The Bones class of 1971's attempt to tap women for membership was opposed by Bones alumni, who dubbed them the "bad club" and quashed their attempt. "The issue", as it came to be called by Bonesmen, was debated for decades.
[13] The class of 1991 tapped seven female members for membership in the next year's class, causing conflict with their own alumni association, the Russell Trust.
[14] The Trust changed the locks on the Tomb and the Bonesmen instead met in the
Manuscript Society building.
[14] A mail-in vote by members decided 368-320 to permit women in the society, but a group of alumni led by
William F. Buckley obtained a
temporary restraining order to block the move, arguing that a formal change in bylaws was needed.
[14][15] Other alumni, such as
John Kerryand
R. Inslee Clark, Jr., spoke out in favor of admitting women. The dispute was highlighted on an editorial page of
The New York Times.
[14][16] A second alumni vote, in October 1991, agreed to accept the Class of 1992, and the lawsuit was dropped.
[14][17]
Judith Ann Schiff, Chief Research Archivist at the
Yale University Library, has written: "The names of its members weren't kept secret — that was an innovation of the 1970s — but its meetings and practices were."
[18] While resourceful researchers could assemble member data from these original sources, in 1985, an anonymous source leaked rosters to
Antony C. Sutton. This membership information was kept privately for over 15 years, as Sutton feared that the photocopied pages could somehow identify the member who leaked it. He wrote a book on the group,
America's Secret Establishment: An Introduction to the Order of Skull and Bones. The information was finally reformatted as an appendix in the book
Fleshing out Skull and Bones, a compilation edited by Kris Millegan and published in 2003.
One legend is that the numbers in the society's emblem ("322") represent "founded in '32, 2nd corps", referring to a first
Corps in an unknown German university.
[21][22] Others suggest that 322 refers to the death of
Demosthenes and that documents in the Tomb have purportedly been found dated to "Anno-Demostheni".
[23]
Members are assigned nicknames (e.g., "Long Devil", the tallest member, and "Boaz", a varsity football captain, or "Sherrife" prince of future). Many of the chosen names are drawn from literature (e.g., "
Hamlet", "
Uncle Remus"), religion, and myth. The banker
Lewis Lapham passed on his nickname, "
Sancho Panza", to the political adviser
Tex McCrary.
Averell Harriman was "
Thor",
Henry Luce was "
Baal",
McGeorge Bundy was "
Odin", and
George H. W. Bush was "
Magog".
[24]
The society's current class meets every Thursday and Sunday night during their senior year.
[28]
Crooking[edit]
Skull and Bones has a reputation for stealing keepsakes from other Yale societies or from campus buildings; society members reportedly call the practice "crooking" and strive to outdo each other's "crooks".
[29]
Conspiracy theories[edit]
The group Skull and Bones is featured in conspiracy theories, which claim that the society plays a role in a globalist/corporatist conspiracy for world control.
[citation needed] Theorists such as
Alexandra Robbins suggest that Skull and Bones is a branch of the
Illuminati,
[21][dubious – discuss] or that Skull and Bones itself controls the
Central Intelligence Agency.
[32] Books written about the society include economist
Antony C. Sutton's
America's Secret Establishment: An Introduction to the Order of Skull & Bones and Kris Millegan's 2003
Fleshing Out Skull and Bones.
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