Alphasyllabary[edit]
ä [ə] | u | i | a | e | ə [ɨ], ∅ | o | ʷä [ʷə] | ʷi | ʷa | ʷe | ʷə [ʷɨ] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
h | ሀ | ሁ | ሂ | ሃ | ሄ | ህ | ሆ | ||||||
l | ለ | ሉ | ሊ | ላ | ሌ | ል | ሎ | ሏ | |||||
h | ሐ | ሑ | ሒ | ሓ | ሔ | ሕ | ሖ | ሗ | |||||
m | መ | ሙ | ሚ | ማ | ሜ | ም | ሞ | ሟ | |||||
s | ሠ | ሡ | ሢ | ሣ | ሤ | ሥ | ሦ | ሧ | |||||
r | ረ | ሩ | ሪ | ራ | ሬ | ር | ሮ | ሯ | |||||
s | ሰ | ሱ | ሲ | ሳ | ሴ | ስ | ሶ | ሷ | |||||
ʃ | ሸ | ሹ | ሺ | ሻ | ሼ | ሽ | ሾ | ሿ | |||||
q | ቀ | ቁ | ቂ | ቃ | ቄ | ቅ | ቆ | ቈ | ቊ | ቋ | ቌ | ቍ | |
b | በ | ቡ | ቢ | ባ | ቤ | ብ | ቦ | ቧ | |||||
v | ቨ | ቩ | ቪ | ቫ | ቬ | ቭ | ቮ | ቯ | |||||
t | ተ | ቱ | ቲ | ታ | ቴ | ት | ቶ | ቷ | |||||
tʃ | ቸ | ቹ | ቺ | ቻ | ቼ | ች | ቾ | ቿ | |||||
ħ | ኀ | ኁ | ኂ | ኃ | ኄ | ኅ | ኆ | ኈ | ኊ | ኋ | ኌ | ኍ | |
n | ነ | ኑ | ኒ | ና | ኔ | ን | ኖ | ኗ | |||||
ɲ | ኘ | ኙ | ኚ | ኛ | ኜ | ኝ | ኞ | ኟ | |||||
ʔ | አ | ኡ | ኢ | ኣ | ኤ | እ | ኦ | ኧ | |||||
k | ከ | ኩ | ኪ | ካ | ኬ | ክ | ኮ | ኰ | ኲ | ኳ | ኴ | ኵ | |
x | ኸ | ኹ | ኺ | ኻ | ኼ | ኽ | ኾ | ||||||
w | ወ | ዉ | ዊ | ዋ | ዌ | ው | ዎ | ||||||
ʔ | ዐ | ዑ | ዒ | ዓ | ዔ | ዕ | ዖ | ||||||
z | ዘ | ዙ | ዚ | ዛ | ዜ | ዝ | ዞ | ዟ | |||||
ʒ | ዠ | ዡ | ዢ | ዣ | ዤ | ዥ | ዦ | ዧ | |||||
j | የ | ዩ | ዪ | ያ | ዬ | ይ | ዮ | ||||||
d | ደ | ዱ | ዲ | ዳ | ዴ | ድ | ዶ | ዷ | |||||
dʒ | ጀ | ጁ | ጂ | ጃ | ጄ | ጅ | ጆ | ጇ | |||||
g | ገ | ጉ | ጊ | ጋ | ጌ | ግ | ጎ | ጐ | ጒ | ጓ | ጔ | ጕ | |
t' | ጠ | ጡ | ጢ | ጣ | ጤ | ጥ | ጦ | ጧ | |||||
tʃ' | ጨ | ጩ | ጪ | ጫ | ጬ | ጭ | ጮ | ጯ | |||||
p' | ጰ | ጱ | ጲ | ጳ | ጴ | ጵ | ጶ | ጷ | |||||
ts' | ጸ | ጹ | ጺ | ጻ | ጼ | ጽ | ጾ | ጿ | |||||
ts' | ፀ | ፁ | ፂ | ፃ | ፄ | ፅ | ፆ | ||||||
f | ፈ | ፉ | ፊ | ፋ | ፌ | ፍ | ፎ | ፏ | |||||
p | ፐ | ፑ | ፒ | ፓ | ፔ | ፕ | ፖ | ፗ | |||||
ä [ə] | u | i | a | e | ə [ɨ], ∅ | o | ʷä [ʷə] | ʷi | ʷa | ʷe | ʷə [ʷɨ] |
Gemination[edit]
As in most other Ethiopian Semitic languages, gemination is contrastive in Amharic. That is, consonant length can distinguish words from one another; for example, alä 'he said', allä 'there is'; yǝmätall 'he hits',yǝmmättall 'he is hit'. Gemination is not indicated in Amharic orthography, but Amharic readers typically do not find this to be a problem. This property of the writing system is analogous to the vowels of Arabic andHebrew or the tones of many Bantu languages, which are not normally indicated in writing. The noted Ethiopian novelist Haddis Alemayehu, who was an advocate of Amharic orthography reform, indicated gemination in his novel Fǝqǝr Ǝskä Mäqabǝr by placing a dot above the characters whose consonants were geminated, but this practice is rare.
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