Potomac, Maryland, US |  |
6. Little Falls
| Usual Difficulty | II-III(IV) (for normal flows) |
|---|---|
| Length | 2 Miles |
| Avg. Gradient | 15 fpm |
Z Channel!
Photo by Chris B taken 07/26/04 @ 3.3 LF
Gauge Information
| Name | Range | Difficulty | Updated | Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| POTOMAC RIVER NEAR WASH, DC LITTLE FALLS PUMP STA | ||||
| usgs-01646500 | 2.60 - 10.00 ft | II-III(IV) | 01h47m | 2.84 ft (running) |
River Description
SUMMARY:This is a popular intermediate run in the D.C. area due to the amazing fact the final rapid, Little Falls itself, can offer Class IV punch right where the tidal Potomac begins at the Maryland and D.C. line. Like some other stretches of the Potomac, the C & O Canal, when watered, can be used to complete a loop without setting shuttle. This description focuses on the runs characteristics when Little Falls is between 2.7 to 3.5 feet. Little Falls can be run by advanced and expert paddlers at higher levels.
THE RUN
The Little Falls run begins in a canal feeder channel reachable from either Lock 6 or Lock 5 of the C&O Canal. See directions below. Enter the main flow of the river by: a) Using the Z-Channel - an connector between the feeder channel and Potomac River between the two locks. This channel is class II with a Class III finale that has pinning potential (The final drop also catches a lot of strainers, so scout from an upstream eddy first). b) Paddling upstream on the feeder channel and into the main river. Run the channel in the left-center break in a rubble dam. Rocky with pinning potential - call is Class III.
Once on the main river, work to the far river right to begin the run through the constricted channel of Class II-III water. At lower levels, some good surfing hydraulics form in the upper part. These turn to fast, standing waves at medium levels. At most all levels the top wave is best caught on the way down, though second waves are sometimes smooth as well. Halfway down the main channel, you can portage at a small beach on the left ot run the Beaver Slide - a Class III creeky drop (zig-zag move). The last drop before the Little Falls rapid can be run straight but entering a diagonal chute from a large river right eddy is more interesting.
LITTLE FALLS
Little Falls is next and can be scouted by pulling up on river left (or right, but this side involves more work) at the rocks above the drop. The rapid is split by a rocky island, with the left side called the Maryland side and the right side called the Virginia side. Below the rapid good surfing and stern squirt spots form at various levels. Here are descriptions of three common lines:
Virginia side. The is a III-IV rapid. It is harder when the tide is low and/or the river is above 3 ft. The line involves an S-Turn through two drops and very fast current. Setup from a river right eddy to hit the drop straight on with a little right angle. Setup from a river left eddy to execute a more difficult ferry move across the main current to the right side channel. Hazards include the rocky island; a Meatcleaver rock just above the rocky island that must be avoided, whether right side up or upside down; and a large hole just right of the rocky island. Strong current can also push you against the rocky Virginia shore and the swirling Eddy of Doom after successfully running the first drop. Successful lines often involve catching the ride side eddy below the first drop, then ferrying against the current across the channel to the right side of the rocky island. At levels of around 2.8 and lower you can make elevator attainment moves up most of the rapid and practice hairy ferries above the meat cleaver. Watch yourself, however, as boaters pin on meatcleaver and get hung up on rocks below the second drop even at low levels.
Maryland side. This is Class II-III. Run the channel river left with left angle, avoiding some small holes and taking care not to get pushed right toward the rocky island and Virginia route. Left side eddies can be used to ease the way. At low levels, this rapid almost disappears when the tide is high.
Far Right Sneak Slot. At some levels a sneak slot offers a nice Class III four foot chute. Can be scouted from river right rocks.
ACCESS:
Access Little Falls by parking at the Lock 6 or Lock 5 parking lots for the C & O Canal. Turnoffs for both are reached from the southbound lane on the Clara Barton Parkway in Montgomery County, MD near the Washington, D.C. line. From either Lock, carry across the canal and take paths to a canal feeder channel that parallels the Potomac. Takeout river left on rocks surrounding a concrete water works structure. Walk up the water works access pathway to the C & O Canal and paddle upstream to your car, carrying around the canal locks on river right or left.
If all of this sounds confusing, well, it is. It is best to make your virgin visit to Little Falls with a local boater who knows logistics AND more importantly the hazards of this run.
StreamTeam Status: Verified
Last Updated: 2004-10-28 12:36:30
Editors
Rapid Summary
| Mile | Rapid Name | Class | Features (Legend) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | Z-Channel | III |  |
| 0.2 | Rubble Dam | III | |
| 0.5 | Midway Surfing | III |  |
| 1.5 | Little Falls | III+ | |
Rapid Descriptions
Z-Channel (Class III, Mile 0.1)
Z-Channel starts off as an easy eddy-hop. But the final drop is Class III with a pinning rock right in the middle. Watch for strainers here.
Z-Channel starts off as an easy eddy-hop. But the final drop is Class III with a pinning rock right in the middle. Watch for strainers here.
Rubble Dam (Class III, Mile 0.2)
Run the rubble dam center left through a twisty, rocky channel.
Run the rubble dam center left through a twisty, rocky channel.
Midway Surfing (Class III, Mile 0.5)
Great surfwaves in the upper portion of the run are easiest to catch as the river level drops. 2.7-2.9 ft. are premium.
Great surfwaves in the upper portion of the run are easiest to catch as the river level drops. 2.7-2.9 ft. are premium.
Little Falls (Class III+, Mile 1.5)
Little Falls is the main attraction for this run. The left line (Maryland) is easy II-III at most levels. The right line (Virginia) is III+ to -IV, depending on the river and tide levels.
Little Falls is the main attraction for this run. The left line (Maryland) is easy II-III at most levels. The right line (Virginia) is III+ to -IV, depending on the river and tide levels.
User Comments
river goes over 4.5-5ft. At 5ft, the center island starts going underwater, and a long wave train
develops. Parallel to the observation deck, a 2nd wave train develops at low tide with some
irregular waves and holes. These continue down to Chain Bridge at low tide, but don't appear at
high tide.
From 5ft to about 6.5ft, the wave train gets a little larger and the waves start to crash more. It
really has the feeling of a rapid on the Gauley, though, the waves are more irregular and chaotic.
The lines are still fairly wide, and the river right contains eddies you can use to bypass most of
the chaos, but it is still very much a Class IV rapid.
Above 6.5ft the wave train starts to wash out and over 7-7.5ft, two new dangers come into play. The
first is that the river is flowing over the observation deck, creating a pretty nasty hole that
doesn't go away until the river is over 9ft. The second is the water starts piling high on Chain
Bridge, and some nasty eddylines and whirlpools form. Also, at these levels, Z-Channel changes
directions, forcing you to attain up it, rather than paddle down it. Experience boaters can
probably find a line over the break in the canal by Lock 5
Once you are in the 9+ft range, the wave train and hole are mostly gone, but some really powerful
eddylines, whirlpools, and exploding waves take their place. You will be running the main rapid
next to entire trees, and there isn't a predictable line. Also, you'll have to paddle into the
river right from Lock 5, as Z-Channel and the Feeder Canal are flowing downstream much too quickly
to attain. It's a really fun experience for an accomplished boater, but, not something that should
be attempted by anyone without solid skills.
at it from Chain Bridge. Where the observation deck was there is a rather large hole. Definitely
don't want to end up there. Below the observation deck, maybe 40 yards or so, near the center of
the river there is a feature that I can only describe as an exploding wave hole. It would look like
a regular wave train, of course with massive waves, but every minute or two an enormous column of
water the size of a truck would shoot up into the air. It was so big that we could see it from 500
yards away coming downriver. Needless to say, that must be avoided at all costs. When we were
scouting from the bridge we saw a large log get completely eaten up by that thing. The only real
safe line at this level is to go far river right, which has an extremely chaotic eddy line with all
kinds of mystery boils, reactionary waves, and squirrelly water. It's the kind of water where you
can be going straight and all of a sudden be facing sideways five feet to the left or right of
where you were. It's a little bit cleaner if you go center-left, but then the exploding wave hole
is in play. The pillars for Chain Bridge are, as a previous poster noted, a deathtrap if you get
caught in them at this flow. Whether in your boat or out, the pillars must be avoided. Just below
the bridge there is a large breaking wave, maybe 10 feet tall, followed by a series of large
rollers. Fun. There were fun waves almost all the way down to Fletcher's Boathouse at this
level/tide. The flow was so fast that we covered the mile from Chain Bridge to Fletcher's Boathouse
in about five minutes. A swim at this level would be long, cold, and potentially deadly.
and most people that are out on mather gorge or little falls know and probably feels this level to
be low. Having run this section from maybe 50 times at different levels, I think 2.5 - 3.2' is the
optimum level for Little Falls with the best play spots. Above 3.5' most of the run gets washed out
although the Little Falls rapid is quite entertaining. William Nealy wrote about a near death
experience on Little Falls at high water in his Whitewater Home Companion Vol 2. Avoid the Chain
Bridge abutments at higher levels.